The Routledge Companion to the Stuart Age, 1603-1714 by John Wroughton

Author:John Wroughton [Wroughton, John]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781136008702
Barnesnoble:
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Published: 2013-02-01T00:00:00+00:00

D

DANBY, EARL OF (1632–1712) see Osborne, Sir Thomas

DEFOE, DANIEL (1660–1731) Son of James Foe, a London butcher and Dissenter; educated at a Dissenting Academy in Newington; set up in business as a merchant (1685), but became bankrupt (1692); fought for Monmouth at Sedgemoor (1685) and supported William of Orange at the Revolution (1688). Wrote The Essay on Projects (1698), a far-sighted survey of banking and insurance; The True-Born Englishman (1701), a defence of William's Dutch background; and The Shortest Way with Dissenters (1702), a brilliant parody of Tory and Anglican extremists, which brought him imprisonment and instant popular acclaim. Again in debt, he was released from prison through the efforts of Harley (1703) and employed as a government agent up and down the country to assess public opinion on major issues and encourage Dissenters to back the ministry. Founded The Review (1703–13), a thrice-weekly political journal with his own ‘leader’ article offering comment and advocating social reform; although consistent in his belief in toleration and moderation, he tended to change the tone of The Review to support each new government (1708, 1710). After the death of Anne and the fall of Harley, he was imprisoned for libelling Lord Annesley (1715), but freed after making an agreement to work for the Whigs as editor of both the Tory News Letter (1715) and the Jacobite Mist's Weekly Journal (1717), toning down opinion and encouraging a more sympathetic attitude to the government. He wrote over eighty pamphlets (1715–18); several novels, including The Life and Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe (1719), The Life of Captain Singleton (1720), The Fortunes and Misfortunes of the Famous Moll Flanders (1722), A Journal of the Plague Year (1722) and Roxana, or the Fortunate Mistress (1714); and an economic and social review of the country, Tour Through the Whole Island of Britain (1724–6).

DESBOROUGH (OR DISBROWE), JOHN (1608–80) Son of James Desborough, a Cambridgeshire gentleman; a lawyer by training; married Jane Cromwell (1636), Oliver Cromwell's sister; appointed quartermaster to Cromwell's troop of horse on the outbreak of civil war (1642); promoted to major, he saw action at Langport (1645) and Bristol (1645); promoted to colonel (1648); and major-general (1651), taking part in the Battle of Worcester; and General of the Fleet (1653). Appointed to the Council of State (1653); elected MP for Cambridgeshire (1654) and Somerset (1656). After helping to suppress Penrud-dock's Rising (1655), he was appointed one of eleven Major-Generals with the personal task of administering the south-west (1655–6). A loyal republican, he opposed the move to make Cromwell king; with Fleetwood and Lambert, he opposed the continuation of Richard Cromwell's regime; assisted in the expulsion of the Rump (1659); was arrested on trying to flee abroad and briefly imprisoned at the Restoration (1660); fled to Holland, where he intrigued with republicans, but was ordered to return to England (1666); released after a brief imprisonment (1667) and retired to Hackney, playing no further part in public life.

DEVEREUX, ROBERT, 3RD EARL OF ESSEX (1591–1646) Son of Robert, 2nd Earl, and

Download

Copyright Disclaimer:
This site does not store any files on its server. We only index and link to content provided by other sites. Please contact the content providers to delete copyright contents if any and email us, we'll remove relevant links or contents immediately.